Inu mwina munamuwona Achimerekamagalimotondi zinyalala zazitali zowongoka zomwe zimaoneka zamphamvu, mwinanso "zapamwamba". N'zosavuta kuganiza kuti mapaipi otopetsa akuyang'ana m'mwamba ayenera kukhala opangidwa bwino.
Koma zoona zake n’zakuti, mapaipi otsikitsitsa akuyang’ana pansi ndiwo muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mapangidwe ake okwera m’mwamba ndi osowa kwambiri komanso osathandiza kwenikweni.
Yang'anani padziko lonse lapansi - Europe, Japan, China, ndi madera ena ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsikira pansi. U.S. ndiwodziwika bwino, ndipo chifukwa chake chili ndi chilichonse chokhudza kapangidwe ka magalimoto, osati ukadaulo.
M'misewu ya ku America, galimoto yachikale ndi mtundu wamphuno zazitali (zozolowereka). Ikuwoneka bwino, koma ili ndi zovuta zazikulu:
Kusakwanira kwa danga.
Galimoto ya galimoto iyenera kunyamula zambirizida zazikulu:
l matanki akuluakulu amafuta
l zosungiramo mpweya
l mabokosi a batri
l mufflers
l kuphatikiza zinthu monga matanki a gasi kapena makina opopera madzi
Kabati yamphuno zazitali imakhala kale ndi danga lalikulu la chimango. Izi zimasiya malo ochepa a zigawozi.
Dongosolo la utsi ndilofunika kwambiri: kuti phokoso ndi kutentha zikhale pansi, zimafunika chitoliro chautali ndi chotchingira chachikulu. Pokhala ndi malo ochepa pansi pa galimotoyo, mainjiniya alibe chochita koma kukweza makina otulutsa mpweya m'mwamba, kuseri kwa kabati. Utsiwo umangotulukira kumwamba. Kuchepa kwa malowa ndi chifukwa chake magalimoto aku America nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi utsi wokwera kwambiri.
Mapangidwe apamwamba amawoneka osangalatsa, koma ali ndi zovuta zingapo:
l The utsi ndi muffler amakhala pafupi ndi cab, kotero phokoso, kutentha, ndi kugwedera kufika dalaivala mosavuta.
l Utsi wowuluka m'mwamba umavulaza ma aerodynamics ndikuwonjezera kukokera.
l Mwaye ukhoza kuyipitsa katundu kuseri kwa kabati.
l Madzi amvula amatha kulowa m'chitoliro.
l Mwaye ndi ma particulates sizimatuluka mosavuta, kumapangitsa kuti kutsekeka kumakhala kosavuta.
Madera ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magalimoto oyendetsa ma cab-over, pomwe ma cab amakhala pamwamba pa injini. Kapangidwe kameneka kamagwiritsa ntchito danga bwino kwambiri. Dera lakuseri kwa kabati ndi lotseguka komanso lalikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyika zida pansi pagalimoto.
Izi zimapangitsa utsi wotsikirapo njira yachilengedwe.
Ubwino umaphatikizapo:
l njira yaufupi yotulutsa mpweya, kuchepetsa kuletsa
l mosavuta kutulutsa tinthu
l kukonza kosavuta
Palibe kuipitsidwa kwa katundu
l Phokoso ndi kutentha kosungidwa kutali ndi dalaivalaKupatulapo kuthamangitsa fumbi nthawi zina, utsi wopita pansi ndi wapamwamba kwambiri pafupifupi mwanjira iliyonse.
Sizokonda zauinjiniya-komanso malamulo ndi mikhalidwe yamisewu.
Ku U.S., malire amalori amangogwira ntchito pa ngolo, osati thirakitala.
Choncho kabati yaitali sikuchepetsa katundu wa katundu. Palibe chilango chogwiritsira ntchito galimoto yamphuno yaitali.
Koma ku China, Europe, Japan, ndi madera ena ambiri, galimoto yonse imawerengedwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe amphuno zazitali kungafupikitse bokosi la katundu, kudula bwino-choncho mwachibadwa sichimakonda.
Mayendedwe amsewu nawonso amafunikira:
l Dziko la U.S. lili ndi misewu yayikulu, yotseguka kumene magalimoto aatali ndi osavuta kuyendetsa.
Mayiko ena ambiri ali ndi misewu yopapatiza ndi ngodya zothina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magalimoto ang'onoang'ono akhale ofunikira.
Kotero kusiyana kumabwera ku malamulo ndi geography, osati teknoloji.
Zabwino:
Ndimayenda bwino m'misewu yayikulu
l chitetezo chokwera kwambiri
Ndine womasuka kuyendetsa mtunda wautali
Zoyipa:
l kusachita bwino kwa danga
Sindili bwino kutembenukira kolimba
l chipinda chochepa cha zigawo monga makina otulutsa mpweya
Magalimoto okwera magalimoto
Zabwino:
l kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo
Ndimachita bwino kwambiri
l chassis yosunthika (yosavuta kuyisintha kukhala magalimoto otaya, ma flatbeds, ndi zina)
Zoyipa:
l mwamwambo otetezeka pang'ono - ngakhale mapangidwe amakono apita patsogolo kwambiri
M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi zakhala zikuyenda bwino m'malo. Ngakhale ku U.S., magalimoto okwera ma cab-over akuchulukirachulukiranso, ndipo akawoneka, makina awo otulutsa amaloza pansi ngati kwina kulikonse.